Childcare Costs and the Demand for Children - Evidence from a Nationwide Reform
45 Pages Posted: 20 Oct 2010
Date Written: October 19, 2010
Abstract
Exploiting the exogenous variation in childcare costs caused by a Swedish childcare reform, we are able to identify the causal effect of childcare costs on fertility in a context in which childcare enrollment is almost universal, user fees are low, and the labor force participation of mothers is very high. Anticipation of a reduction in childcare costs increased the number of first births, but only seemed to affect the timing of second births. We find a negative income effect for families with children already enrolled in child care.
Keywords: childcare, cost of children, fertility, quasi-experiment, difference-in-differences
JEL Classification: H31, J13
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation
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