Financial Protectionism: The First Tests
30 Pages Posted: 26 May 2011
There are 2 versions of this paper
Financial Protectionism: The First Tests
Date Written: May 2011
Abstract
We provide the first empirical tests for financial protectionism, defined as a nationalistic change in banks lending behaviour, as the result of public intervention, which leads domestic banks either to lend less or at higher interest rates to foreigners. We use a bank-level panel data set spanning all British and foreign banks providing loans within the United Kingdom between 1997Q3 and 2010Q1. During this time, a number of banks were nationalised, privatised, given unusual access to loan or credit guarantees, or received capital injections. We use standard empirical panel-data techniques to study the "loan mix," domestic (British) loans of a bank expressed as a fraction of its total loan activity. We also study effective short-term interest rates, though our data set here is much smaller. We examine the loan mix for both British and foreign banks, both before and after unusual public interventions such as nationalisations and public capital injections. We find strong evidence of financial protectionism. After nationalisations, foreign banks reduced the fraction of loans going to the UK by about eleven percentage points and increased their effective interest rates by about 70 basis points. By way of contrast, nationalised British banks did not significantly change either their loan mix or effective interest rates. Succinctly, foreign nationalised banks seem to have engaged in financial protectionism, while British nationalised banks have not.
Keywords: bank, crisis, domestic, empirical, foreign, loan, nationalisation, panel, privatization
JEL Classification: F36, G21
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation
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