Wholesalers and Retailers in U.S. Trade (Long Version)

17 Pages Posted: 18 Feb 2012

See all articles by Andrew B. Bernard

Andrew B. Bernard

Dartmouth College - Tuck School of Business; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)

J. Bradford Jensen

Georgetown University - McDonough School of Business; Peterson Institute for International Economics

Stephen J. Redding

Princeton University

Peter K. Schott

Yale University - School of Management; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); Yale University - Cowles Foundation

Multiple version iconThere are 2 versions of this paper

Date Written: February 1, 2012

Abstract

International trade models typically assume that producers in one country trade directly with final consumers in another. In reality, of course, trade can involve long chains of potentially independent actors who move goods through wholesale and retail distribution networks. These networks likely affect the magnitude and nature of trade frictions and hence both the pattern of trade and its welfare gains. To promote further understanding of the means by which goods move across borders, this paper examines the extent to which U.S. exports and imports flow through wholesalers and retailers versus producing and consuming firms.

Keywords: wholesaler, retailer, intermediary, international trade

JEL Classification: F10, F14

Suggested Citation

Bernard, Andrew B. and Jensen, J. Bradford and Redding, Stephen J. and Schott, Peter K., Wholesalers and Retailers in U.S. Trade (Long Version) (February 1, 2012). US Census Bureau Center for Economic Studies Paper No. CES-WP- 12-03, Tuck School of Business Working Paper No. 2012-107, Georgetown McDonough School of Business Research Paper No. 2012-03, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2007028 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2007028

Andrew B. Bernard

Dartmouth College - Tuck School of Business ( email )

100 Tuck Hall
Hanover, NH 03755
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603-646-0302 (Phone)
603-646-9084 (Fax)

HOME PAGE: http://mba.tuck.dartmouth.edu/pages/faculty/Andrew.Bernard/

National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)

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Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR) ( email )

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J. Bradford Jensen (Contact Author)

Georgetown University - McDonough School of Business ( email )

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Washington, DC 20057
United States

Peterson Institute for International Economics ( email )

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Stephen J. Redding

Princeton University ( email )

Princeton, NJ 08544-1021
United States

HOME PAGE: http://www.princeton.edu/~reddings/

Peter K. Schott

Yale University - School of Management ( email )

135 Prospect Street
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New Haven, CT 06520-8200
United States
203-436-4260 (Phone)
203-436-6974 (Fax)

HOME PAGE: http://www.som.yale.edu/faculty/pks4

National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)

1050 Massachusetts Avenue
Cambridge, MA 02138
United States

Yale University - Cowles Foundation

Box 208281
New Haven, CT 06520-8281
United States

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