Epilogue: Foreign-Exchange-Market Operations in the Twenty-First Century

22 Pages Posted: 31 Mar 2012

See all articles by Michael D. Bordo

Michael D. Bordo

Rutgers University, New Brunswick - Department of Economics; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)

Owen Humpage

Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland

Anna J. Schwartz

City University of New York (CUNY); National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - NY Office

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Date Written: March 30, 2012

Abstract

Foreign-exchange operations did not end after the United States stopped its activist approach to intervention. Japan persisted in such operations, but avoided overt conflict with its monetary policy. With the onset of the Great Recession, Switzerland has transacted in foreign exchange both for monetary and exchange-rate purposes, and key central banks have used swap facilities to extended their lender-of-last-resort functions. Developing and emerging-market economies continue to intervene, but their actions may hamper the development of their own foreign-exchange markets. China’s undervalued exchange rate is producing inflation and real appreciation, despite China’s efforts to sterilize its reserve accumulation.

Keywords: intervention, Japan, Switzerland, China, developing and emerging market economies, swap lines

JEL Classification: F3, N1, N2

Suggested Citation

Bordo, Michael D. and Humpage, Owen and Schwartz, Anna J., Epilogue: Foreign-Exchange-Market Operations in the Twenty-First Century (March 30, 2012). FRB of Cleveland Working Paper No. 12-07, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2031640

Michael D. Bordo

Rutgers University, New Brunswick - Department of Economics ( email )

New Brunswick, NJ
United States

National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) ( email )

1050 Massachusetts Avenue
Cambridge, MA 02138
United States

Owen Humpage (Contact Author)

Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland ( email )

PO Box 6387
Cleveland, OH 44101-1387
United States

Anna J. Schwartz

City University of New York (CUNY) ( email )

17 Lexington Avenue
New York, NY 10010
United States

National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - NY Office

365 Fifth Avenue, 5th Floor
New York, NY 10016-4309
United States
212-817-7957 (Phone)

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