Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions to Prevent HIV and STDs Among Women: A Randomized Control Trial
AIDS and Behavior, April 2014, DOI 10.1007/s10461-014-0745-8
11 Pages Posted: 29 Apr 2014 Last revised: 14 Oct 2014
Date Written: April 4, 2014
Abstract
Injection drug use is a leading transmission route of HIV and STDs, and disease prevention among drug users is an important public health concern. This study assesses cost-effectiveness of behavioral interventions for reducing HIV and STDs infections among injection drug-using women. Cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted from societal and provider perspectives for randomized trial data and Bernoullian model estimates of infections averted for three increasingly intensive interventions: (1) NIDA's standard intervention (SI); (2) SI plus a well woman exam (WWE); and (3) SI, WWE, plus four educational sessions (4ES). Trial results indicate that 4ES was cost-effective relative to WWE, which was dominated by SI, for most diseases. Model estimates, however, suggest that WWE was cost-effective relative to SI and dominated 4ES for all diseases. Trial and model results agree that WWE is cost-effective relative to SI per hepatitis C infection averted ($109,308 for in trial, $6,016 in model) and per gonorrhea infection averted ($9,461 in trial, $14,044 in model). In sensitivity analysis, trial results are sensitive to 5% change in WWE effectiveness relative to SI for hepatitis C and HIV. In the model, WWE remained cost-effective or cost-saving relative to SI for HIV prevention across a range of assumptions. WWE is cost-effective relative to SI for preventing hepatitis C and gonorrhea. WWE may have similar effects as the costlier 4ES.
Keywords: HIV, STDs, Bernoullian model, cost-effectiveness, cost effectiveness, substance abuse
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