School Cheating and Social Capital

40 Pages Posted: 8 Jul 2014

Date Written: February 20, 2014

Abstract

In this paper we propose and validate cheating in standardized tests as a new indirect measure of social capital. Given the low-stakes nature of most of the tests examined here, we interpret the widespread presence of cheating as a signal of limited trustin central education authorities. Cheating is negatively correlated with several social capital proxies in the local environment where a school is located (the municipality or the province), even controlling for area-wide differences in social capital and for a number of features of the local environment. When distinguishing between different kinds of social capital – contrasting universalistic and particularistic social values (along the lines of de Blasio, Scalise and Sestito, forthcoming) – cheating appears to be negatively correlated only with measures of universalistic social values (while the correlation of cheating with particularistic social values, if any, is positive). We also document a number of empirical regularities in cheating behavior: (i) within classes student homogeneity is associated with higher cheating (Lucifora and Tonello, 2012); (ii) the presence of external inspectors greatly reduces cheating (Bertoni, Brunello and Rocco, 2013), and to a greater extent in low social capital environments; (iii) in primary schools, cheating is more pervasive in smaller classes; (iv) and a larger share of “local” teachers, or of teachers with a permanent contract, is generally associated with higher levels of cheating.

Keywords: cheating, social capital

JEL Classification: I28, D73, Z10

Suggested Citation

Paccagnella, Marco and Sestito, Paolo, School Cheating and Social Capital (February 20, 2014). Bank of Italy Temi di Discussione (Working Paper) No. 952, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2463175 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2463175

Marco Paccagnella

Bank of Italy ( email )

Via Nazionale 91
Rome, 00184
Italy

Paolo Sestito (Contact Author)

Bank of Italy ( email )

Via Nazionale 91
Rome, 00184
Italy

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