Twombly and Iqbal at the State Level

Forthcoming, Journal of Empirical Legal Studies

USC CLASS Research Paper No. CLASS14-24

USC Law Legal Studies Paper No. 14-30

58 Pages Posted: 22 Jul 2014 Last revised: 22 Jun 2016

See all articles by Roger Michalski

Roger Michalski

University of Oklahoma - College of Law

Abby K. Wood

University of Southern California Gould School of Law

Date Written: June 21, 2016

Abstract

This paper contributes to the empirical literature on pleading standards by studying the effect of Twombly and Iqbal at the state level. States account for the majority of civil litigation, yet they are understudied doctrinally and empirically. When we consider pleading at the state level, we can leverage differences across space and time in a way that is impossible with studies of federal courts. Using an array of principled empirical approaches on the best-available data, we find no evidence that raising pleading standards affected plaintiff behavior. We observe no decrease in filings and no significant change in complaint length, number of claims, or number of amended complaints. For defense strategy and judicial responses, we find no increase in motions to dismiss and no increase in the grant rate on motions to dismiss, though these findings are more tentative, given data limitations. We conduct our analysis by comparing Nebraska, a state that raised its pleading standards, with as many as twelve comparison states, none of which raised their pleading standards over the years 2006-2013.

Keywords: Empirical legal studies, civil procedure, pleading standards, state courts, complaint, motion to dismiss, settlement.

JEL Classification: K41, C14

Suggested Citation

Michalski, Roger and Wood, Abby K., Twombly and Iqbal at the State Level (June 21, 2016). Forthcoming, Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, USC CLASS Research Paper No. CLASS14-24, USC Law Legal Studies Paper No. 14-30, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2468864 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2468864

Roger Michalski

University of Oklahoma - College of Law ( email )

300 Timberdell Road
Norman, OK 73019
United States

Abby K. Wood (Contact Author)

University of Southern California Gould School of Law ( email )

699 Exposition Boulevard
Los Angeles, CA 90089
United States

HOME PAGE: http://weblaw.usc.edu/contact/contactInfo.cfm?detailID=71046

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