An Adaptive Wideband Delphi Method to Study State Cyber-Defence Requirements

IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, Forthcoming

15 Pages Posted: 15 Jan 2015

See all articles by Yudhistira Nugraha

Yudhistira Nugraha

School of Computing - Telkom University; Jakarta Smart City

Ian Brown

Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV) - Fundação Getulio Vargas Law School at São Paulo

Ashwin Sastrosubroto

Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Date Written: January 15, 2015

Abstract

Background — Edward Snowden’s revelations of the extensive global communications surveillance activities of foreign intelligence services have led countries such as Indonesia to take concrete steps to enhance protective information security for classified data and communications.

Objective — This paper develops the Wideband Delphi Method to study the Indonesian Government’s requirements for cyber-defence in response to reported secret intelligence collection by the Australian Signals Directorate (ASD). It provides a clearer understanding of the issues that influence Indonesian policymakers’ views on the mitigation of foreign surveillance.

Method — We developed and conducted an Adaptive Wideband Delphi Study with senior Indonesian officials, with group discussions and individual sessions to explore how to mitigate the surveillance activities of the "Five Eyes" (the US-UK-Canada-Australia-New Zealand) intelligence alliance. We used the US National Security Agency (NSA) framework of the three elements of Defence in Depth (people, operations, and technology), in combination with governance and legal remedies, as an analytical framework.

Results — We identified twenty-five mitigation controls to deal with the priority concerns of policymakers, which were divided into the five defences in depth elements.

Conclusion — We discuss the key requirements for protection against foreign surveillance to be taken into account in state cyber-defence frameworks, and suggest effective mitigation controls for safeguarding and protecting states’ national interests.

Keywords: State self-defence, defence in depth, adaptive wideband Delphi, foreign surveillance, national interests, information security, Indonesia

JEL Classification: O33, O38

Suggested Citation

Nugraha, Yudhistira and Nugraha, Yudhistira and Brown, Ian and Sastrosubroto, Ashwin, An Adaptive Wideband Delphi Method to Study State Cyber-Defence Requirements (January 15, 2015). IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, Forthcoming, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2548249

Yudhistira Nugraha (Contact Author)

School of Computing - Telkom University ( email )

Jalan Telekomunikasi No.1
Terusan Buah Batu
Bandung, ID West Java 40257
Indonesia

Jakarta Smart City ( email )

Jl. Medan Merdeka Sel. No.8-9, RT.11/RW.2
Gambir
Jakarta Pusat, ID DKI Jakarta 10110
Indonesia

Ian Brown

Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV) - Fundação Getulio Vargas Law School at São Paulo ( email )

São Paulo
Brazil

Ashwin Sastrosubroto

Indonesian Institute of Sciences ( email )

Indonesia

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