Correlation Risk, Cross-Market Derivative Products, and Portfolio Performance

Posted: 8 Mar 1995

See all articles by T. S. Ho

T. S. Ho

Lancaster University

Richard C. Stapleton

University of Strathclyde - Department of Accounting and Finance

Marti G. Subrahmanyam

New York University (NYU) - Leonard N. Stern School of Business

Multiple version iconThere are 2 versions of this paper

Date Written: December 1994

Abstract

We consider portfolios whose returns depend on at least three variables and show the effect of the correlation structure on the probabilities of the extreme outcomes of the portfolio return, using a multivariate binomial approximation. The portfolio risk is then managed by using derivatives. We illustrate this risk management both with simple options, whose payoff depends upon only one of the underlying variables, and with more complex instruments whose payoffs (and values) depend upon the correlation structure. The questions of benchmarking portfolio performance is complicated by the use of derivatives, especially complex derivatives, since these instruments fundamentally alter the distribution of returns. We us the multivariate binomial model to set performance benchmarks for multicurrency, international, portfolios. Our model is illustrated using a simple example where a German institution invests a proportion of its funds in German equities, and the remainder in UK equities. Portfolio performance is measured in Deutsche Marks and depends upon (1) the DAX index, (2) the FTSE index, and (3) the Deutsche Mark-Sterling exchange rate. The output of the model is a simulation of possible outcomes from the portfolio hedging strategy. The difference in our methodology is that we are able to retain the simplicity of the binomial distribution, used extensively in the analysis of options, in a multivariate context. This is achieved by building three (or more) binomial trees for the individual variables and capturing the correlation structure with the use of varying conditional probabilities.

JEL Classification: G11

Suggested Citation

Ho, T. S. and Stapleton, Richard C. and Subrahmanyam, Marti G., Correlation Risk, Cross-Market Derivative Products, and Portfolio Performance (December 1994). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=5939

T. S. Ho

Lancaster University ( email )

The Management School
Lancaster LA1 4YX
United Kingdom
01524 59 3625 (Phone)

Richard C. Stapleton

University of Strathclyde - Department of Accounting and Finance ( email )

Curran Building
100 Cathedral Street
Glasgow G4 0LN
United Kingdom
+44 1524 381 172 (Phone)
+44 1524 846874 (Fax)

Marti G. Subrahmanyam (Contact Author)

New York University (NYU) - Leonard N. Stern School of Business ( email )

44 West 4th Street
Suite 9-160
New York, NY NY 10012
United States

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