Constructed Wetlands: A Promising Wastewater Treatment System for Small Localities: Experiences from Latin America

60 Pages Posted: 20 Apr 2016

See all articles by Martin Gauss

Martin Gauss

affiliation not provided to SSRN

Date Written: April 1, 2008

Abstract

This report provides an overview of how constructed wetlands serve as natural wastewater treatment systems. It focuses especially on the subsurface horizontal flow type-a technology that has high potential for small and medium-size communities because of its simplicity, performance reliability, and low operation and maintenance requirements. The ability of this wetland to reduce pathogens renders the effluent suitable for irrigation of certain crop species if additional health and environmental protection measures are taken. This report describes several experiences with constructed wetland schemes in Central and South America: a full-scale pilot plant in Nicaragua, a community-managed constructed wetland scheme in El Salvador, and other systems in Colombia, Brazil, and Peru. Although the report focuses on technology issues, it stresses the importance of adequate arrangements for operation and maintains to guarantee the long-term treatment performance of the constructed wetland scheme. Furthermore, community participation and complementary actions such as promoting hygiene are crucial elements for sustainable wastewater treatment projects and maximization of health and environmental benefits.

Keywords: Wetlands, Water and Industry, Wastewater Treatment, Sanitation and Sewerage, Water Supply and Systems

Suggested Citation

Gauss, Martin, Constructed Wetlands: A Promising Wastewater Treatment System for Small Localities: Experiences from Latin America (April 1, 2008). World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 44120, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1149070

Martin Gauss (Contact Author)

affiliation not provided to SSRN

No Address Available

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