Horizontal Innovation Networks by and for Users
Posted: 22 Jun 2008
Date Written: April 2007
Abstract
Innovation development, production, distribution and consumption networks can be built up horizontally with actors consisting only of innovation users (more precisely, user/self-manufacturers ). Some open source software projects are examples of such networks, and examples can be found in the case of physical products as well. In this article, we discuss three conditions under which user innovation networks can function entirely independently of manufacturers. We then explore related empirical evidence, and conclude that conditions favorable to horizontal user innovation networks are often present in the economy.
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation
von Hippel, Eric, Horizontal Innovation Networks by and for Users (April 2007). Industrial and Corporate Change, Vol. 16, Issue 2, pp. 293-315, 2007, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1149215 or http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtm005
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