Endogenous Group Formation via Unproductive Costs
40 Pages Posted: 25 Aug 2010 Last revised: 17 Nov 2010
Date Written: August 24, 2010
Abstract
How and why do groups form? In many cases, group formation is endogenous to the actions that individual members take and the norms associated with these actions. In this paper, we conduct an experiment that allows groups to form endogenously in the context of the classic voluntary contribution mechanism public goods game. We identify unproductive costs – “sacrifice” – as a mechanism for endogenous group formation, a result which is consistent with the “sacrifice and stigma” theory of religious groups. We find that changes in relative prices (between private and public goods) act to screen out free-riders, subjects who choose high-sacrifice groups contribute more to the public good once in these groups, and moderate welfare gains are available to those who voluntarily incur unproductive costs.
Keywords: Endogenous Group Formation, Laboratory Experiment, Free Riding, Public Goods Game, Voluntary Contribution Mechanism, Sacrifice, Unproductive Costs
JEL Classification: C92, D71, H41, Z12
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation
Do you have negative results from your research you’d like to share?
Recommended Papers
-
The Effect of Rewards and Sanctions in Provision of Public Goods
By Martin Sefton, Robert Shupp, ...
-
Driving Forces Behind Informal Sanctions
By Armin Falk, Ernst Fehr, ...
-
Driving Forces of Informal Sanctions
By Armin Falk, Ernst Fehr, ...
-
Punishing Free-Riders: How Group Size Affects Mutual Monitoring and the Provision of Public Goods
-
Social Preferences, Beliefs, and the Dynamics of Free Riding in Public Good Experiments
By Urs Fischbacher and Simon Gaechter
-
The Carrot or the Stick: Rewards, Punishments and Cooperation
By James Andreoni, William T. Harbaugh, ...