International Trade in Natural Resources: Practice and Policy
35 Pages Posted: 6 Apr 2012
There are 4 versions of this paper
International Trade in Natural Resources: Practice and Policy
International Trade in Natural Resources: Practice and Policy
International Trade in Natural Resources: Practice and Policy
International Trade in Natural Resources: Practice and Policy
Date Written: March 30, 2012
Abstract
Natural resources account for 20% of world trade, and dominate the exports of many countries. Policy is used to manipulate both international and domestic prices of resources, yet this policy is largely outside the disciplines of the WTO. The instruments used include export taxes, price controls, production quotas, and domestic producer and consumer taxes (equivalent to trade taxes if no domestic production is possible). We review the literature, and argue that the policy equilibrium is inefficient. This inefficiency is exacerbated by market failure in long run contracts for exploration and development of natural resources. Properly coordinated policy reforms offer an avenue to resource exporting and importing countries to overcome these inefficiencies and obtain mutual gains.
Keywords: natural resources, trade, export tax, tariff escalation, OPEC, WTO, terms of trade
JEL Classification: F100, F130, Q300
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation
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