Research Review on Biodegradation of Azo Dye Compounds.

Abstract

Dyes are synthetic aromatic organic compounds, which are normally used for coloration of various substances. During textile processing, inefficiencies in dyeing result in large amounts of the dyestuff (varying from 2% loss when using basic dyes to a 50% loss when certain reactive dyes used) is being directly lost to the wastewater, which ultimately finds its way into the environment. A number of physico-chemical methods, such as adsorption, coagulation, precipitation, filtration and oxidation, have been used to treat dyestuff effluents, but these methods have many disadvantages and limitations. It is, therefore, important to develop efficient and cost-effective methods for the decolorization and Biodegradation of dyes in industrial effluents and contaminated soil Biological methods of removal involve use of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi to convert the pollutants into nontoxic harmless substances. Biological processes convert organic compounds to water and carbon dioxide, have low cost sustainable and are easy to use.

Keywords: Dyes, Biodegradation, Bacteria, Fungi, Physico-chemica

JEL Classification: A00, B00