Empowering Citizen Deliberation in Direct Democratic Elections: A Field Study of the 2012 Oregon Citizens’ Initiative Review

Field Actions Science Reports (FACTS Reports), 11, 1-10, 2014

11 Pages Posted: 8 Nov 2014

See all articles by Katherine Knobloch

Katherine Knobloch

Colorado State University, Fort Collins

John Gastil

Pennsylvania State University

Traci Feller

University of Washington

Robert C. Richards

University of Arkansas Clinton School of Public Service

Date Written: November 6, 2014

Abstract

Initiatives and referenda permit citizens to vote directly on legislation, but voters often lack essential policy information when deciding whether to support the measures on their ballots. Since citizens often do not trust policy experts and political elites to provide trustworthy information, the State of Oregon (USA) created an institution to address that problem. After an initial test in 2010, Oregon’s governor signed into law the Citizens’ Initiative Review Commission, which convened two stratified random samples of twenty-four Oregon voters. The first panel spent a week examining a tax reform measure, and the second reviewed a measure that would establish private casinos. At the end of their deliberations, each panel produced a one-page Citizens’ Statement that was included in a Voters’ Pamphlet, which the Secretary of State mailed to every registered Oregon voter. Using direct observation, panelist interviews, and large-sample, statewide surveys, researchers studied the deliberative quality and statewide impact of this unique process. They discovered that the panels met a high standard for deliberation, both from the researchers’ perspective as observers and from the point of view of the participants themselves. A majority of Oregon voters became aware of the process, which produced relevant and factually accurate statements. Roughly two-thirds of those who read the statements found them to be helpful when deciding how to vote. Finally, an online survey experiment shows that reading the statements increased voter knowledge substantially. Thus, the Citizens’ Initiative Review appears to provide a viable model for using citizen-centered deliberation to inform the judgments of the voting public.

Keywords: Civic education, Deliberative democracy, Initiative, Referendum, Civic engagement, Political knowledge,

JEL Classification: D72

Suggested Citation

Knobloch, Katherine and Gastil, John and Feller, Traci and Richards, Robert C., Empowering Citizen Deliberation in Direct Democratic Elections: A Field Study of the 2012 Oregon Citizens’ Initiative Review (November 6, 2014). Field Actions Science Reports (FACTS Reports), 11, 1-10, 2014, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2520225

Katherine Knobloch (Contact Author)

Colorado State University, Fort Collins ( email )

Fort Collins, CO 80523-1771
United States

John Gastil

Pennsylvania State University ( email )

University Park, PA 16802
United States

Traci Feller

University of Washington ( email )

1410 NE Campus Parkway
Seattle, WA 98195
United States

Robert C. Richards

University of Arkansas Clinton School of Public Service ( email )

1200 President Clinton Ave
Little Rock, AR 72201
United States

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