Chile: Silencios e Irrupciones: Verdad, Justicia y Reparaciones en la Postdictadura Chilena (Chile 2015: Silence and Irruptions: Truth, Justice and Reparations in Post-Dictatorship)

43 Pages Posted: 3 Oct 2015

See all articles by Cath Collins

Cath Collins

Ulster University - Transitional Justice Institute; Universidad Diego Portales

Date Written: October 1, 2015

Abstract

Spanish Abstract: En la versión 2014 de esta publicación dimos cuenta de esperanzas y promesas de avance en la garantía de verdad, justicia, reparación y garantías de no repetición (derechos y deberes de ‘justicia transicional’) respecto a las múltiples y graves violaciones a los derechos humanos cometidas durante la dictadura cívico-militar chilena de 1973 a 1990. Expresamos en ese entonces el anhelo de que la construcción de un sólido y continuado trabajo intersectorial entre las agencias existentes potenciara los visibles esfuerzos y compromisos de profesionales, familiares, sobrevivientes y activistas en esta área. Al margen de un notorio avance en el ritmo del trabajo judicial - con mejoras en receptividad a demandas civiles y en proporcionalidad de penas criminales que ojalá se mantengan - es decepcionante tener que reportear que los demás anhelos quedaron, en buena parte, pendientes entre el periodo de julio de 2014 y junio de 2015 que conforma el principal enfoque del presente análisis. La urgente necesidad de una respuesta coherente, sólida y consistente a los derechos y reivindicaciones de las y los sobrevivientes de prisión política y tortura se fue postergando hasta que una larga y dañina huelga de hambre diera una precaria, y lamentablemente pasajera, visibilidad pública al tema. Irrupciones inesperadas de la justicia, en el mes de agosto, junto con el fallecimiento de Manuel Contreras, quizás el más notorio agente represivo chileno, provocaron debates sobre el ‘secreto Valech’ y el así-llamado ‘pacto de silencio’, pero muchos temas urgentes relacionados quedaron postergados al cuidado de la incipiente Subsecretaria de DDHH. Creemos que los legítimos anhelos de una generación de familiares y sobrevivientes, más el interés de un país entero en ver cumplida y saldada promesas y deudas históricas, requiere una solución más pronta y agil que confía el complejo manejo de deberes en justicia transicional a una sola instancia permanente, facultada para resolver y actuar en las distintas dimensiones analizadas a continuación.

English Abstract: The 2014 version of this annual publication discussed hopes and promises that 2015 would be a year of forward movement in the guaranteeing of rights to truth, justice, reparations and guarantees of non-repetition - ‘transitional justice rights’ - for the multiple and grave human rights violations committed by Chile’s civil-military dictatorship between 1973 and 1990. In 2014, we expressed the aspiration that a solid, permanent rhythm of intersectorial cooperation could be established amongst various existing state agencies, to give extra force to the visible commitment of certain professionals, relatives, survivors and activists in this field. It is therefore disappointing to have to report that the period between July 2014 and June 2015 - the main focus of the present analysis - showed little progress, beyond a notable advance in the pace of court action on cases. That advance, which also incorporated better receptivity to civil claim-making and an improvement in proportional sentencing, was not matched in regard to other challenges, which remain pending.

The urgent need for a coherent, solid and consistent response that guarantees the rights and meets the demands of survivors of political imprisonment and torture was postponed time and time again, to the point where it took a protracted and damaging hunger strike by survivors to give the issue a precarious, and unfortunately fleeting, visibility. Unexpected ‘irruptions of justice’ in the month of August, coinciding with the death of former secret police chief and notorious agent of repression Manuel Contreras, provoked debates about the Valech secrecy law and the so-called ‘pact of silence’ among former agents. Many important issues were postponed yet again, this time with the argument that they would be left to the soon-to-be-created National Vice-Ministry of Human Rights to resolve. It might be argued, however, that the legitimate demands of an entire generation of relatives and survivors, and of society of a whole, in seeing promises kept and historical debts paid, require speedier and more agile solutions. The complex task of dealing with a whole range of transitional justice duties could and in our view should be entrusted to a single permanent state body, given the mandate and resources necessary to take decisive action across the whole range of transitional justice dimensions.

Note: Downloadable document is in Spanish.

Keywords: Chile, dictatorship, transitional justice, survivors, torture, Valech, 2015

Suggested Citation

Collins, Cath and Collins, Cath, Chile: Silencios e Irrupciones: Verdad, Justicia y Reparaciones en la Postdictadura Chilena (Chile 2015: Silence and Irruptions: Truth, Justice and Reparations in Post-Dictatorship) (October 1, 2015). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2668400 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2668400

Cath Collins (Contact Author)

Universidad Diego Portales ( email )

Republica 112
Santiago, Santiago
Chile

Ulster University - Transitional Justice Institute ( email )

Shore Road
Newtownabbey, Belfast BT37 OQB
Northern Ireland

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