Reanalizando La Competitividad En La Industria Del Fútbol: Diferencia Acumulada De Puntos (Reanalyzing the Competitiveness in Football Leagues: Accumulated Points Difference)

Abstract

Spanish Abstract: En la presente investigación se plantea un nuevo modelo de análisis del equilibrio en las ligas de fútbol a través del Accumulated Points Difference (APD). Se examinan ocho temporadas de nueve campeonatos entre 2006/2007 y 2013/2014: Bundesliga (Alemania), Campeonato Brasileiro (Brasil), Liga BBVA (España), Ligue 1 (Francia), Eredivise (Holanda), Premier League (Inglaterra), Serie A (Italia), Primeira Liga (Portugal) y Premier League (Rusia). Posteriormente, se comparan estadísticamente los torneos a través de un análisis de varianza ANOVA one way con post hoc de Tukey. Se valida el método al confrontarlo con dos fórmulas tradicionales: Herfindahl Index of Competitive Balance (HICB) y C4 Index of Competitive Balance (C4ICB). Como resultados, se evidencia que el Campeonato Brasileiro es el torneo más equilibrado y no se aprecian diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las ligas europeas.

English Abstract: The aim of the paper is to elaborate an alternative measure to compare football leagues based on Accumulated Points Difference (APD). The sample includes eight seasons (2003/2004 to 2013/2014) from nine football leagues: German Bundesliga, Campeonato Brasileiro (Brazil), La Liga BBVA (Spain), French Ligue 1, Dutch Eredivise, English Premier League, Italian Serie A, Portuguese Primeira Liga and Russian Premier League. We have employed the ANOVA one way with Tukey post hoc to compare the results. We have confirmed the robustness of the model comparing it with two traditional measures: Herfindahl Index of Competitive Balance (HICB) and C4 Index of Competitive Balance (C4ICB). As a result, we have found that the Brazilian League was the most balanced tournament in this period and there are no statistical differences between European leagues.

Note: Downloadable document is in Spanish.

Keywords: Competitive balance, Brazilian League, accumulated points difference, professional football, sports economics

JEL Classification: L1, L83