Implications of Fiscal Policy for Housing Tenure Decisions
53 Pages Posted: 18 Apr 2016 Last revised: 23 Oct 2019
Date Written: April 11, 2016
Abstract
Many of the world's wealthy countries provide fiscal incentives to homeowners. Yet, the impact of such tax breaks on housing tenure decision is unclear. Using difference-in-differences approach, this study estimates the effect of mortgage interest deduction on home ownership in the United States. The identification relies on the large changes in income tax rates and standard deduction. The largest of these changes increased income tax rate by as much as 23,9% and decreased standard deduction by 7,2% between 2002 and 2004. The baseline estimates suggest that increase in income tax rate in a state that allows mortgage interest deduction is associated to 3 percentage points increase in home ownership relative to states that didn't change their fiscal policy and to 5 percentage points - relative to states that do not allow mortgage interest deduction but had a comparable increase in tax rates. The results are robust to a range of alternative specifications.
Keywords: fiscal policy, tenure choice, mortgage interest deduction, income tax, homeownership
JEL Classification: E62, G11, H24, H31, K34
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation