Short- and Long-Term Effects of a Child-Labor Ban

54 Pages Posted: 9 Sep 2016

See all articles by Caio Piza

Caio Piza

World Bank

Andre Portela Souza

Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV) - Sao Paulo School of Economics

Date Written: August 15, 2016

Abstract

This is the first study to investigate the short- and long-term causal effects of a child-labor ban. The study explores the law that increased the minimum employment age from 14 to 16 in Brazil in 1998, and uncovers its impact on time allocated to schooling and work in the short term and on school attainment and labor market outcomes in the long term. The analysis uses cross-sectional data from 1998 to 2014, and applies a fuzzy regression discontinuity design to estimate the impact of the ban at different points of individuals? lifecycles. The estimates show that the ban reduced the incidence of boys in paid work activities by 4 percentage points or 27 percent. The study finds that the fall in child labor is mostly explained by the change in the proportions of boys working for pay and studying, and observes an increase in the proportion of boys only studying as a consequence. The results suggest that the ban reduced boys? participation in the labor force. The study follows the same cohort affected by the ban over the years, and finds that the short-term effects persisted until 2003 when the boys turned 18. The study pooled data from 2007 to 2014 to check whether the ban affected individuals? stock of human capital and labor market outcomes. The estimates suggest that the ban did not have long-term effects for the whole cohort, but found some indication that it did negatively affect the log earnings of individuals at the lower tail of the earnings distribution.

Keywords: Labor Standards, Labor Policies

Suggested Citation

Piza, Caio and Portela Souza, Andre, Short- and Long-Term Effects of a Child-Labor Ban (August 15, 2016). World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 7796, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2836544

Caio Piza (Contact Author)

World Bank ( email )

1818 H Street, NW
Washington, DC 20433
United States

Andre Portela Souza

Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV) - Sao Paulo School of Economics ( email )

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