Bugs, Tariffs and Colonies: The Political Economy of the Wine Trade 1860–1970

LICOS Discussion Paper Series, Discussion Paper 384/2016

44 Pages Posted: 30 Nov 2016

See all articles by Giulia Meloni

Giulia Meloni

KU Leuven - Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance (LICOS)

Johan F. M. Swinnen

KU Leuven - Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance (LICOS); European Commission, DG II

Date Written: October 2016

Abstract

The 1860–1970 period is a particularly interesting period to study wine trade because of dramatic changes in the wine markets and trade over the course of a century. The dramatic changes in trade flows were caused by both “nature” and “men”. Mediterranean wine trade represented around 90% of global wine trade and France was the world’s leading exporter. The arrival of Phylloxera devastated French vineyards and stimulated Spanish and Italian wine exports. When French wine production recovered, French winegrowers pressured their government to intervene, resulting in high tariffs on Spanish and Italian wines and Greek raisins. The protectionist trade regime contributed to the bankruptcy of Greece and to the substitution of wine trade from Spain and Italy to France’s North African colonies. When Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia became independent, France imposed high wine tariffs, effectively killing their wine exports. The decline of the wine industry in North Africa coincided with the trade and policy integration of the South European wine exporters in the EEC — the predecessor of the EU.

Suggested Citation

Meloni, Giulia and Swinnen, Johan F.M., Bugs, Tariffs and Colonies: The Political Economy of the Wine Trade 1860–1970 (October 2016). LICOS Discussion Paper Series, Discussion Paper 384/2016, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2877121 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2877121

Giulia Meloni (Contact Author)

KU Leuven - Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance (LICOS) ( email )

Waaistraat 6 - box 3511
Leuven, 3000
Belgium

Johan F.M. Swinnen

KU Leuven - Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance (LICOS) ( email )

Waaistraat 6
Leuven, B-3000
Belgium

European Commission, DG II ( email )

Wetstrath 200
Office 15172
1049 Brussels
Belgium
+32-2-2960442 (Phone)
Not available (Fax)

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