Los Primeros Casos a Nivel Internacional De Aplicación Autónoma Del Concepto De Autoría Mediata a Través De Estructuras Organizadas De Poder: Los Casos Contra Omar Al Bashir, Muammar Gaddafi, Y Abdullah Al-Senussi (First International Cases of Autonomous Application of the Concept of Indirect Perpetration through Organised Structures of Power: The Cases against Omar Al Bashir, Muammar Gaddafi, and Abdullah Al-Senussi)

Revista Brasileña de las Ciencias Penales (RBCCrim), Vol. 92, IBSN/ISSN 1415-5400, pp. 363-402, Oct. 2011

32 Pages Posted: 3 May 2017

See all articles by Hector Olasolo

Hector Olasolo

Universidad del Rosario; Iberoamerican Institute of The Hague (IIH); The Hague University of Applied Sciences - International Law

Date Written: October 11, 2011

Abstract

Spanish Abstract: El concepto de autoría mediata a través de estructuras organizadas de poder ha sido aplicado como parte de la noción más amplia de coautoría mediata desde el año 2003 por varios tribunales internacionales, incluyendo el Tribunal Penal Internacional para la ex Yugoslavia, el Tribunal Penal Internacional para Ruanda, la Corte Especial para Sierra Leona y la Corte Penal Internacional. Sin embargo, solo en los casos contra Omar al Bashir, Muammar Gaddafi y Abdullah Al-Senussi ha sido aplicado de forma autónoma, debido, en gran medida, a la dificultad de aplicar este concepto a grupos armadas organizados de oposición en los que normalmente existen varias facciones, y a los problemas para demostrar la concentración en una sóla persona del grado de control necesario sobre las distintas ramas del aparato de poder estatal que actúan coordinadamente en la comisión de genocidio, crímenes de lesa humanidad y crímenes de guerra. A pesar de ello, la jurisprudencia internacional nos muestra como la autoría mediata, ya sea de manera autónoma en los limitados supuestos en que esto sea posible, ya sea como regla general como parte de la coautoría mediata, se ha convertido hoy en día en una auténtica opción para reflejar la responsabilidad penal de los altos dirigentes y de los superiores intermedios por su contribución en la comisión de delitos internacionales.

English Abstract: Indirect perpetration through organised structures of power has been applied as part of the notion of indirect co-perpetration by several international tribunals since 2003, including the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, the Special Court for Sierra Leone and the International Criminal Court. Nevertheless, it has been applied by itself autonomously only in the cases against Omar al Bashir, Muammar Gaddafi and Abdullah al-Senussi. To an important extent, this is due to the difficulties posed by the application of this concept to organised armed groups comprised of different factions, as well as to the problems encountered in showing that one man possesses the necessary degree of control ovar the several branches of the state apparatus that participate in the commission of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. In spite of this, the case law of international courts and tribunals shows that indirect perpetration through organised structures of power, whether applied autonomously in those limited cases in which this is possible or, as a general rule, as part of the broader notion of indirect co-perpetration, has become today a serious option for senior leaders and intermediate superiors to answer for their contribution to international crimes.

Note: Downloadable document is in Spanish.

Keywords: Indirect Perpetration, Criminal Liability, International Criminal Court, Bashir, Gaddafi

Suggested Citation

Olasolo, Hector, Los Primeros Casos a Nivel Internacional De Aplicación Autónoma Del Concepto De Autoría Mediata a Través De Estructuras Organizadas De Poder: Los Casos Contra Omar Al Bashir, Muammar Gaddafi, Y Abdullah Al-Senussi (First International Cases of Autonomous Application of the Concept of Indirect Perpetration through Organised Structures of Power: The Cases against Omar Al Bashir, Muammar Gaddafi, and Abdullah Al-Senussi) (October 11, 2011). Revista Brasileña de las Ciencias Penales (RBCCrim), Vol. 92, IBSN/ISSN 1415-5400, pp. 363-402, Oct. 2011, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2962048

Hector Olasolo (Contact Author)

Universidad del Rosario ( email )

Calle 12 No. 6-25
Bogotá (Colombia), DC
Colombia
+57 1 2970200 (Phone)

HOME PAGE: http://urosario.academia.edu/HectorOlasolo

Iberoamerican Institute of The Hague (IIH) ( email )

Badhuiskade 5A
The Hague (Holland), 2686 EM
Netherlands

HOME PAGE: http://www.iberoamericaninstituteofthehague.org

The Hague University of Applied Sciences - International Law ( email )

Stamkartplein 40
The Hague (Holland)
Netherlands

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