Prolonging Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Enhanced Integrated Clustering

Abstract

The grouping of sensor nodes is known as clustering. In cluster formation, every cluster has a leader which is known as cluster head. A cluster head is one of the sensor nodes which have advanced capabilities than other sensor nodes. The cluster head is selected by the sensor nodes in the relevant cluster and may also possible by the user to pre-assign the cluster heads. The cluster head is used to transmit the aggregated data to the sink or base station. In this paper, a model of distributed layer-based clustering algorithm is proposed based on three concepts. First, the aggregated data is forwarded from cluster head to the base station through cluster head of the next higher layer with shortest distance between the cluster heads. Second, cluster head is elected based on the clustering factor, which is the combination of residual energy and the number of neighbors of a particular node within a cluster. Third, each cluster has a crisis hindrance node, which does the function of cluster head when the cluster head fails to carry out its work in some critical conditions. The key aim of the proposed algorithm is to accomplish energy efficiency and to prolong the network lifetime.

Keywords: Wireless sensor network (WSN), distributed clustering algorithm, cluster head, residual energy, energy efficiency, network lifetime.