50 Years of 'Obedience to Authority': From Blind Conformity to Engaged Followership

Posted: 26 Oct 2017

See all articles by S. Alexander Haslam

S. Alexander Haslam

University of Queensland

Steve Reicher

University of St. Andrews

Date Written: October 2017

Abstract

Despite being conducted half a century ago, Stanley Milgram's studies of obedience to authority remain the most well-known, most controversial, and most important in social psychology. Yet in recent years, increased scrutiny has served to question the integrity of Milgram's research reports, the validity of his explanation of the phenomena he reported, and the broader relevance of his research to processes of collective harm-doing. We review these debates and argue that the main problem with received understandings of Milgram's work arises from seeing it as an exploration of obedience. Instead, we argue that it is better understood as providing insight into processes of engaged followership, in which people are prepared to harm others because they identify with their leaders' cause and believe their actions to be virtuous. We review evidence that supports this analysis and shows that it explains the behavior not only of Milgram's participants but also of his research assistants and of the textbook writers and teachers who continue to reproduce misleading accounts of his work.

Suggested Citation

Haslam, S. Alexander and Reicher, Steve, 50 Years of 'Obedience to Authority': From Blind Conformity to Engaged Followership (October 2017). Annual Review of Law and Social Science, Vol. 13, pp. 59-78, 2017, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3059664 or http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-110316-113710

S. Alexander Haslam (Contact Author)

University of Queensland ( email )

St Lucia
Brisbane, Queensland 4072
Australia

Steve Reicher

University of St. Andrews ( email )

The Gateway
North Haugh
St Andrews, Fife KY16 9RJ
United Kingdom

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