Eradication of Rabies with Mass Parental Vaccination, Human Post-Exposure Prophylaxis, and Gene Therapy: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Aims: To review canine rabies, mass parental vaccination, human post-exposure prophylaxis, gene therapy and costs for fighting rabies.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Animal Science – Other, Nelwan Institution for Human Resource Development, Indonesia, between December 2017 and March 2018. Methodology: The author searched the Pubmed Database at NCBI for articles on rabies disease published between 2007 and 2018. All articles are open access and in English. For rabies virus examination, Seller’s test was used. In this article, references written by the author and other relevant publications were included. The author reviewed a rabies dog case kept at Nelwan Institution for Human Resource Development.

Results: The dog showed clinical signs such as inappetance, urinary frequency and soaking in a small, juicy drain. Currently, to treat rabies, no drugs are available. For rabies prevention, vaccination is the best way. To eradicate rabies, mass vaccination in dogs, post-exposure prophylaxis, and gene therapy should be used. Fort rabies disease eradication, a minimum of 70% of the dog population should receive the vaccination. In addition, humans with category II exposure should receive a rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin.

Conclusion: To eradicate rabies, vaccinations are required. In addition, gene therapy can eliminate rabies from the infected neurons by using rAAV-N796. In addition, To fight the rabies virus, CRISPR/Cas9 system in combination with the MMEJ-based method may also be used. Furthermore, mass parental vaccination, post-exposure prophylaxis, and gene therapy can reduce costs in controlling rabies disease.

Keywords: lyssavirus; rabies; RABV; zoonotic