Money Creation in Different Architectures
59 Pages Posted: 17 Sep 2018 Last revised: 19 Aug 2019
Date Written: September 2018
Abstract
We examine monetary architectures in which money is solely created by the public and lent by the central bank to the private sector. We compare them to today's fractional-reserve system in which money is created mainly by commercial banks. We use a simple general equilibrium setting and determine under which conditions these architectures yield the same welfare and stability outcomes and under which conditions they do not. We show, in particular, that the decentralized sovereign money system yields the same level of money creation and allocation of commodities as the fractional-reserve monetary system if the central bank solely pursues interest-rate policy.
Keywords: 100% reserve banking, Capital regulation, Chicago Plan, full-reserve banking, monetary architecture, monetary policy, monetary system, money creation, price rigidities, reserve requirement
JEL Classification: D50, E4, E5, G21
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