University of Pittsburgh - Center for Pharmacogenetics; University of Pittsburgh - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Pittsburgh - Cancer Institute
University of Pittsburgh - Center for Pharmacogenetics; University of Pittsburgh - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Pittsburgh - Cancer Institute
University of Pittsburgh - Center for Pharmacogenetics; University of Pittsburgh - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Pittsburgh - Cancer Institute
University of Pittsburgh - Center for Pharmacogenetics; University of Pittsburgh - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Pittsburgh - Cancer Institute
Date Written: January 23, 2019
Abstract
Immunotherapy based on checkpoint blockade has been regarded as one of the most promising approaches towards many types of cancers. However, low response rate hinders their application due to insufficient tumor immunogenicity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. To achieve an overall enhanced therapeutic outcome, we developed a dual-functional immuno-stimulatory polymeric prodrug carrier modified with pendent indoximod, an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor, which can be used to reverse immune suppression, for co-delivery of Doxorubicin (Dox), a hydrophobic anticancer agent that can promote immunogenic cell death (ICD) and elicit antitumor immunity. The resulted carrier denoted as POEG-b-PVBIND, consisting of poly (oligo (ethylene glycol) methacrylate) (POEG) hydrophilic blocks and indoximod conjugated hydrophobic blocks, is rationally designed to improve immunotherapy by synergistically modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). Our data showed that ICD-triggered Dox promoted intra-tumoral infiltration of CD8+ T cells and IFN-γ-production by CD8+ T cells. Meanwhile, cleaved indoximod significantly increased CD8+ T cell infiltration while reducing the immunosuppressive T regulatory cells (Tregs). More importantly, Dox/POEG-b-PVBIND micelles led to significantly improved tumor regression in an orthotopic murine breast cancer model compared to both Dox-loaded inert micelle carrier (POEG-b-PVB micelle) and POEG-b-PVBIND micelles alone, confirming synergistic effect of indoximod and Dox in improving the overall antitumor activity.
Wan, Zhuoya and Sun, Jingjing and Xu, Jieni and Moharil, Pearl and Chen, Jing and Xu, Junchi and Li, Jiang and Xu, Pengfei and Ma, Xiaochao and Xie, Wen and Lu, Bingfeng and Li, Song, Dual Functional Immunostimulatory Polymeric Prodrug Carrier with Pendent Indoximod for Enhanced Cancer Immunochemotherapy (January 23, 2019). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3320735 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3320735
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