Isolation, Characterization and Partial Purification of Keratinase from Keratinolytic Bacteria
Scholar Journal of Applied Sciences and Research, 2018, Vol. 1:6
6 Pages Posted: 4 Jun 2019
Date Written: September 11, 2018
Abstract
Background: Enzymes are proteins that catalyze the chemical reactions, such as biosynthetic and derivative, that occurring in living cells. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of process are called substrates and they are converted in to different molecules, called the product. Almost all processes in a biological cell need enzyme for catalytic reactions. The use of purified enzymes for generating a useful product or service constitutes enzyme technology. Enzymes have a wide variety of applications in industry, medicine research etc. Some out of this one industrially important enzyme is keratinase. It is an extracellular and proteolytic enzyme.
Methods: Keratinolytic bacteria were isolated from poultry contaminated soil identification done by using morphological methods and biochemical test. Enzyme production was done followed by partial purification methods like salting out technique, dialysis and Ion exchange chromatography.
Results: The bacterial strains were isolated from the poultry waste and evaluated for their Keratinolytic activity on skim milk agar media. The keratin degrading bacteria or keratinolytic bacterial culture was isolated from soil sample and Colony characteristics, Gram nature and motility of the keratinolytic culture were studied. It is Gram negative short rods, non-motile in nature and colony characteristics and morphology was studied. The biochemical testes of keratinolytic culture were also studied and their results were found. The enzyme production was observed between temperature 25-50°C and pH 5.5-9.5 The highest enzyme activity was observed at 35°C, decrease in enzyme activity is observed with increase in temperature above 40 0C. The highest enzyme activity was obtained at pH 7. However, further increase in pH was not favorable on enzyme production. It was reported that proteases secreted by Genus Pseudomonas presented activity at a wide range of pH (7.0 to 9.0) and temperature (30°C to 40°C).
Keywords: Azokeratin, Keratin, Keratinolytic bacteria.
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