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Impaired Metabolic Flexibility to High-Fat Overfeeding Predicts Future Weight Gain

36 Pages Posted: 19 Jun 2019 Publication Status: Review Complete

See all articles by Brittany Begaye

Brittany Begaye

Department of Health and Human Services - Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section

Karyne L. Vinales

Department of Health and Human Services - Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section

Tim Hollstein

Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch

Takafumi Ando

Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch

Mary Walter

National Institutes of Health - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

Clifton Bogardus

Department of Health and Human Services - Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section

Jonathan Krakoff

Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch

Paolo Piaggi

Government of the United States of America - Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch

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Abstract

The ability to switch fuels for oxidation in response to changes in macronutrient composition of diet (metabolic flexibility) may be informative of the individual susceptibility to weight gain. Seventy-nine healthy, weight-stable subjects underwent 24-h assessments of energy expenditure and respiratory quotient (RQ) in a whole-room calorimeter during energy balance (EBL; 50% carbohydrate, 30% fat) and then during 24-h fasting and three 200% overfeeding diets in a crossover design. Metabolic flexibility was defined as the change in 24-h RQ from EBL during fasting and standard (SOF: 50% carbohydrate, 30% fat), high-fat (FNP: 60% fat, 20% carbohydrate), and high-carbohydrate (CNP: 75% carbohydrate, 5% fat) overfeeding diets. Free-living weight change was assessed after 6 and 12 months. Compared to EBL, RQ decreased on average by 9% during fasting and by 4% during FNP, while increasing by 4% during SOF and by 8% during CNP. Smaller decrease in RQ, reflecting smaller increase in lipid oxidation rate, during FNP but not during other diets, predicted greater weight gain at both 6 and 12 months. An impaired metabolic flexibility to acute, high-fat overfeeding identify individuals prone to gain weight, indicating that the individual capacity to oxidize dietary fat is a metabolic predictor of weight change.

Keywords: respiratory quotient, energy expenditure, diet, dietary fat, fasting, fat oxidation, metabolic flexibility, metabolic phenotype, lipid oxidation, overfeeding, Obesity, substrate oxidation, weight change, weight gain

Suggested Citation

Begaye, Brittany and Vinales, Karyne L. and Hollstein, Tim and Ando, Takafumi and Walter, Mary and Bogardus, Clifton and Krakoff, Jonathan and Piaggi, Paolo, Impaired Metabolic Flexibility to High-Fat Overfeeding Predicts Future Weight Gain (June 19, 2019). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3406383 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3406383
This version of the paper has not been formally peer reviewed.

Brittany Begaye

Department of Health and Human Services - Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section

United States

Karyne L. Vinales

Department of Health and Human Services - Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section

United States

Tim Hollstein

Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch

4212 N 16th Street
Phoenix, AZ 85016
United States

Takafumi Ando

Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch

4212 N 16th Street
Phoenix, AZ 85016
United States

Mary Walter

National Institutes of Health - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

United States

Clifton Bogardus

Department of Health and Human Services - Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section

United States

Jonathan Krakoff

Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch

4212 N 16th Street
Phoenix, AZ 85016
United States

Paolo Piaggi (Contact Author)

Government of the United States of America - Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch

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