刻板印象与男性气质：性别视角下的男护士 (Stereotype and Masculinity: A Gender Perspective to Review the Male Nurse)

Abstract

Chinese Abstract: 随着社会和护理行业的发展，男护士逐渐活跃在这个曾经被视作只有女性才会从事的行业之中。本文从社会学和性别研究的理论视角出发，在对两家医院两个月的参与式观察与26位相关人士的深度访谈后，通过对与男护士相关的最明显的一优一缺点——“力气大”与“不细心”进行了细致的梳理与批判，对目前男护士的学术研究和现实管理中存在的过分偏重于生物性别解释与性别本质主义的问题进行了再讨论。本文发现，这种基于生物性别的刻板印象似的优缺点虽然突出了男护士在特殊科室的重要作用，但无益于其护士身份自我认同的稳固和发展，亦使得其陷入了更深的自我与外界规训之中，并对改善护理质量的要求可能会产生一定的误导。本文也会以男护士为主体，分析他们是如何通过对信息的裁剪和展演对自我身份与其男性气质进行重新的建构与展示的。

English Abstract: With the development of the society and the nursing profession, male nurses are gradually becoming active in the profession that was once considered to be only women. From the theoretical perspective of sociology and gender studies, this paper, after two months of participatory observations of two hospitals and in-depth interviews with 26 relevant individuals, thoroughly examine the most stereotypical advantages and disadvantages associated with male nurses - The "great strength" and "not careful enough." This paper finds that the advantages and disadvantages of this kind of gender-based stereotypes highlight the important role of male nurses in special departments, but they are not conducive to the stability and development of their identity as a nurse, which also makes them fall into a deeper self-doubt and discipline. This article also examines how male nurses reconstruct and display their identity and masculinity through the strategically display/hide information.

Note: Downloadable document is in Chinese.

Keywords: 男护士,社会性别,刻板印象,男性气质,性别隔离