Theranostic Liposomes in Cancer: Current Status and Applications

Abstract

Cancer is one of the most highly prone dreadful disease in the world’s scenario. According to World Health Organization (WHO) reports of 2019 approximately 2.1 million diagnoses has been reported in breast cancer contributing 11.6% of the total cancer incidences and remarkably 15% of all cancer deaths among women. In recent studies nano medicines are primarily involved in cancer treatments due to their inherited therapeutic and diagnostic (Theranostic) properties. Super-paramagnetic iron oxide nano particles in combined action with nanoliposomal vesicular structures exhibit properties that are applied in the areas of imaging, target delivery and therapeutics due to their low toxicity, biocompatibility, and potent magnetic and catalytic behaviour. Recent developments in the area of materials science have enabled the facile synthesis of Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) combined with polymers provoking theranostic approach towards drug delivery in aid to cancer treatments. Further, the most recent advancement in IONPs and their nano package acts as a probing agent that incorporates drug encapsulated by polymers, labelled proteins and dyes in reduced size that exhibits sustained release of drug formulation and as diagnostic agents in Cancer treatments. Nano liposomes have been considered as the most successful drug carriers in the combined effect of drug targeted delivery systems, as diagnostics and as theranostic imaging aids in cancer treatments. The Liposomal structures are made of phospholipids that promote active encapsulation of drug molecules and therapeutic substances. ”Smart Nano liposomal drug delivery” compensates the major disadvantages over conventional chemotherapy through site targeted response, enhanced pharmacological conditions and bioavailability of loaded drugs. The work reviews the current status in development and combined effects in the formulation of Magnetic Nanoliposomal structures in Cancer treatment.

Keywords: Iron oxide nano particles (IONPs), Magnetic nanoliposomes, Cancer, Therapeutics, diagnostics, Drug delivery