Sudan Revolution: An Exploration Causes and Consequences for Power Struggle and Regime Change
10 Pages Posted: 10 Jan 2020
Date Written: September 28, 2019
Abstract
Revolution in Sudan has been a popular far-reaching changing phenomenon since the creation of the country in 1956. It has witnessed series of inherited problems and turbulence from the condominium that made up the country. Post independent coalition government faces major issues such as winning agreement on a permanent constitution, stabilizing the south, encouraging economic development, and improving relations with the International Community such as the US and EU member countries.
The inability of the government's to resolve Sudan's many social, political, and economic problems increases the popular discontent caused many anti-government demonstrations in Khartoum leading the path towards the Islamist-supported military takeover led by Omar al-Bashir in 1989. The growing government step-up the process of Islamisation of Sudan through the intellectual architect of the National Islamic Front (NIF), a group of Islamist politicians and intellectuals which took power through a coup in 1989 and, following its evolution into the National Congress Party (NCP), rules till the ousted of Omar al-Bashir . This was a joint operation between Islamist politicians and army officers, led by Omar al-Bashir and Sheikh Hassan al-Turabi (A lawyer by profession and Islamic Scholar) who both sack Prime Minister Sadig al-Mahdi’s chaotic administration.
In January 2005, the Sudanese government and the southern Sudan People’s Liberation Movement signed a historic peace accord and, in the process, laid the foundation for the formation of South Sudan. The Comprehensive Peace Agreement concluded a 21-year civil war between the parties and sought to restore peace in Sudan. Much of the plan addressed South Sudan’s desire for self-governance. The Machakos Protocol, one of six parts to the Agreement, called for a joint government in Khartoum that involved the SPLM, established an autonomous government in the south and required a referendum on the issue of South Sudan’s independence to be held in 2011.
Keywords: Sudan Revolution, Islamist, National Congress Party, Islamist politicians, Omar al-Bashir
JEL Classification: Z18
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation