Democracy And Human Rights As A Solution To Resolve The Humanitarian Crisis In Muslim Countries (Study of The Values of Democracy And Human Rights in The Qur'an And Hadith)
Proceeding 1st International Conference On Islamic Studies (ICIS 2017) “Reviving Islamic Values in Response to Human Crisis”, 22nd February 2017, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
26 Pages Posted: 26 Feb 2020
Date Written: February 22, 2017
Abstract
The humanitarian crisis occurring in Muslim countries today is due to the lack of democracy and the fulfillment of human rights by the government. The Human Rights Index report (2016) put the Muslim countries, especially the middle-east countries as a country with the worst perception index in democracy and uphold human rights in the world. The humanitarian crisis should not happen if the countries applied the principle of democracy and guarantee the fulfillment of human rights. Implementation of the concept of democracy and human rights in Muslim countries should be carried out with the approach of the Qur'an and Hadith. This paper will discuss two main issues, ie: (1) how the Qur'an and Hadith are viewing the concept of democracy and human rights; and (2) how the implementation of democracy and human rights to resolves the humanitarian crisis in the Muslim-majority countries. The results of this paper are; (1) Islam has a view of the concept of democracy and human rights which are based on the values in the Qur'an and Hadith. Democracy offer that sovereignty belongs to the people, and then according to Islam, the absolute sovereignty belongs to God. Syura aims to find a solution based on the provisions of the Qur'an and Hadith, not to take a majority vote by common agreement as it should in a democracy. Islam gave a color in a modern democracy with their limits of power for the government so that can reduce the abuse of power; (2) Islam regards human rights more than what is contained in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). In Islam known principle of ad-dloluriyat al-khomsah or al-huquq al-insaniyah Fi al-Islam, the five main things that must be kept by each individual, covering hifdzu aldin (respect for freedom of religion), hifdzu al-mal (respect for property), hifdzu al-nafs Kwa al-'ird (respect for life, the right to life and dignity of individuals), hifdzu al-aql (respect for freedom of thought), and hifdzu al-nasl (imperative to keep offspring). Therefore, Islam honor, respect, and the guarantee of human rights for all mankind.
Keywords: Democracy, Human Rights, Humanitarian crisis, Muslim countries, Qur'an
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