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Now published in The Lancet

Human Dietary Exposure to a Large Spectrum of Chemicals from a Multi-Centre Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study: Safety Assessment of Potential Impacts on Public Health and Implications for Policy Makers

45 Pages Posted: 15 Feb 2020

See all articles by Luc Ingenbleek

Luc Ingenbleek

Centre Pasteur du Cameroun (CPC)

Philippe Verger

World Health Organization (WHO)

Marie-Madeleine Gimou

Centre Pasteur du Cameroun (CPC)

Abimbola Adegboye

National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control

Samson B. Adebayo

National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control

Sètondji Epiphane Hossou

Agence Béninoise de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (ABSSA)

Abdoulaye Zié Koné

Agence Nationale de la Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (ANSSA)

Eric Jazet

National Institute for Statistics (NIS)

Anaclet D. Dzossa

National Institute for Statistics (NIS)

Julius Ogungbangbe

National Bureau of Statistics

Sylvestre Dansou

Institut National de la Statistique et de l’Analyse Economique (INSAE)

Zima J. Diallo

Institut National de la Statistique et de l’Analyse Economique (INSTAT)

Petru Jitaru

Agence Nationale Pour la Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation de l’Environnement et du Travail

Thierry Guérin

Agence Nationale Pour la Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation de l’Environnement et du Travail

Lionel Lopes-Pereira

Official Laboratory of Analysis

Renwei Hu

Official Laboratory of Analysis

Michael Sulyok

Universität für Bodenkultur Wien (BOKU)

Rudolf Krska

Universität für Bodenkultur Wien (BOKU)

Philippe Marchand

INRA

Bruno Le Bizec

INRA

Sara Eyangoh

Centre Pasteur du Cameroun (CPC)

Caroline Merten

United Nations - Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Markus Lipp

United Nations - Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Renata Clarke

United Nations - Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Jean-Charles Leblanc

United Nations - Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

More...

Abstract

Background: Human dietary exposure to chemicals may result in a wide spectrum of adverse health effects. Some substances may cause non-communicable diseases including cancer and coronary heart diseases, and also be nephrotoxic. Food is the main human exposure route of many chemicals. A cost effective methodological approach called Total Diet Study was for the first time used to assess human dietary exposure to a wide spectrum of food chemicals in Benin, Cameroon, Mali, and Nigeria.

Methods: This Total Diet Study covered, with 4020 representative samples of foods prepared as consumed, more than 90% of the diet of 7291 households from eight study centres. By combining representative dietary surveys of countries with findings regarding concentrations of 872 chemicals in foods, human dietary exposure was characterized.

Findings: Exposure to lead may result in increases in adult blood pressure up to 2·0 mm Hg while children may lose 8·8-13·3 IQ points (95 th percentile in Kano). Morbidity factors due to co-exposure to aflatoxin B1 and hepatitis B virus, as well as sterigmatocystin and fumonisins, suggest several thousands of additional liver cancer cases per year, as well as a significant contribution to the burden of child chronic malnutrition. Exposures to 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from consumption of smoked fish and edible oils exceeded levels associated with possible carcinogenicity and genotoxicity health concern in all study centres. Exposures to aluminium, ochratoxin A and citrinin indicate a public health concern about nephropathies.

Interpretation: Risks characterized by the study underscore specific priorities in terms of food safety management in Sub-Saharan Africa. The need for similar investigation specifically targeting children is critical.

Funding Statement: The study was funded under grant STDF/PG/303, Standard and Trade Development Facility

Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no competing interest.

Ethics Approval Statement: Not required.

Keywords: Sub-Saharan Africa, Human dietary exposure assessment, heavy metals, mycotoxins, pesticides residues, POPs, total diet study, food contaminants, mass spectrometry

Suggested Citation

Ingenbleek, Luc and Verger, Philippe and Gimou, Marie-Madeleine and Adegboye, Abimbola and Adebayo, Samson B. and Hossou, Sètondji Epiphane and Koné, Abdoulaye Zié and Jazet, Eric and Dzossa, Anaclet D. and Ogungbangbe, Julius and Dansou, Sylvestre and Diallo, Zima J. and Jitaru, Petru and Guérin, Thierry and Lopes-Pereira, Lionel and Hu, Renwei and Sulyok, Michael and Krska, Rudolf and Marchand, Philippe and Le Bizec, Bruno and Eyangoh, Sara and Merten, Caroline and Lipp, Markus and Clarke, Renata and Leblanc, Jean-Charles, Human Dietary Exposure to a Large Spectrum of Chemicals from a Multi-Centre Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study: Safety Assessment of Potential Impacts on Public Health and Implications for Policy Makers (February 3, 2020). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3531083 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3531083

Luc Ingenbleek

Centre Pasteur du Cameroun (CPC)

Cameroon

Philippe Verger

World Health Organization (WHO)

20 Avenue Appia
Geneva 27, CH-1211
Switzerland

Marie-Madeleine Gimou

Centre Pasteur du Cameroun (CPC)

Cameroon

Abimbola Adegboye

National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control

Abuja
Nigeria

Samson B. Adebayo

National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control

Abuja
Nigeria

Sètondji Epiphane Hossou

Agence Béninoise de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (ABSSA)

Benin

Abdoulaye Zié Koné

Agence Nationale de la Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (ANSSA)

Mali

Eric Jazet

National Institute for Statistics (NIS)

Cameroon

Anaclet D. Dzossa

National Institute for Statistics (NIS)

Cameroon

Julius Ogungbangbe

National Bureau of Statistics

Nigeria

Sylvestre Dansou

Institut National de la Statistique et de l’Analyse Economique (INSAE)

Benin

Zima J. Diallo

Institut National de la Statistique et de l’Analyse Economique (INSTAT)

Mali

Petru Jitaru

Agence Nationale Pour la Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation de l’Environnement et du Travail

France

Thierry Guérin

Agence Nationale Pour la Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation de l’Environnement et du Travail

France

Lionel Lopes-Pereira

Official Laboratory of Analysis

France

Renwei Hu

Official Laboratory of Analysis

France

Michael Sulyok

Universität für Bodenkultur Wien (BOKU)

Feistmantelstrasse 4
Wien, 8010
Austria

Rudolf Krska

Universität für Bodenkultur Wien (BOKU)

Feistmantelstrasse 4
Wien, 8010
Austria

Philippe Marchand

INRA

Agrocampus-Ouest
Rennes
France

Bruno Le Bizec

INRA

Agrocampus-Ouest
Rennes
France

Sara Eyangoh

Centre Pasteur du Cameroun (CPC)

Cameroon

Caroline Merten

United Nations - Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Viale delle Terme di Caracalla
Rome, Lazio 00153
Italy

Markus Lipp

United Nations - Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Viale delle Terme di Caracalla
Rome, Lazio 00153
Italy

Renata Clarke

United Nations - Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) ( email )

Viale delle Terme di Caracalla
Rome, Lazio 00100
ITALY

Jean-Charles Leblanc (Contact Author)

United Nations - Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) ( email )

Viale delle Terme di Caracalla
Rome, Lazio 00153
Italy