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Plasma Concentration of Branched Chain Amino Acids are Not Related to Improvements in Insulin Sensitivity after 12 W of Intensive Exercise in Sedentary Dysglycemic and Normoglycemic Men

44 Pages Posted: 27 Feb 2020 Publication Status: Review Complete

See all articles by Sindre Lee

Sindre Lee

University of Oslo - Department of Nutrition

Hanne L. Gulseth

Norwegian Institute of Public Health - Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing

Torgrim M. Langleite

University of Oslo - Department of Nutrition

Frode Norheim

University of Oslo - Department of Nutrition

Thomas Olsen

University of Oslo - Department of Nutrition

Helga Refsum

University of Oslo - Department of Nutrition

Jørgen Jensen

Norwegian School of Sport Sciences

Kåre I. Birkeland

University of Oslo - Institute of Clinical Medicine; University of Oslo - Department of Transplantation Medicine

Christian A. Drevon

University of Oslo - Department of Nutrition

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Abstract

Plasma concentration of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) is associated with insulin resistance. However, it is unknown if the insulin sensitizing effect of exercise can be explained by BCAAs. In agreement with previous reports, we found that plasma BCAAs concentration was higher, and transcription of BCAA catabolic enzymes in skeletal muscle (SkM) and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (ScWAT) was lower in dysglycemic (DG) than normoglycemic (NG) men. Twelve weeks of intensive exercise enhanced insulin sensitivity by ~40% in both groups, as quantified by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, but no changes were observed in plasma BCAAs concentrations. However, pathway analyses of mRNA sequencing data predicted enhanced BCAA catabolism in both SkM and ScWAT, which mediated the effect of exercise on insulin sensitivity. Our results suggest that the insulin sensitizing effect of exercise cannot be explained by plasma BCAAs, but imply that tissue catabolism of BCAAs may be linked to regulation of insulin sensitivity.

Keywords: exercise, valine, leucine, isoleucine, Insulin Sensitivity, Insulin Resistance, nonresponders, branched chain amino acids, diabetes, catabolism, muscle, adipose tissue

Suggested Citation

Lee, Sindre and Gulseth, Hanne L. and Langleite, Torgrim M. and Norheim, Frode and Olsen, Thomas and Refsum, Helga and Jensen, Jørgen and Birkeland, Kåre I. and Drevon, Christian A., Plasma Concentration of Branched Chain Amino Acids are Not Related to Improvements in Insulin Sensitivity after 12 W of Intensive Exercise in Sedentary Dysglycemic and Normoglycemic Men. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3542581 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3542581
This version of the paper has not been formally peer reviewed.

Sindre Lee (Contact Author)

University of Oslo - Department of Nutrition ( email )

Oslo
Norway

Hanne L. Gulseth

Norwegian Institute of Public Health - Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing ( email )

Oslo
Norway

Torgrim M. Langleite

University of Oslo - Department of Nutrition ( email )

Oslo
Norway

Frode Norheim

University of Oslo - Department of Nutrition

Oslo
Norway

Thomas Olsen

University of Oslo - Department of Nutrition

Oslo
Norway

Helga Refsum

University of Oslo - Department of Nutrition

Oslo
Norway

Jørgen Jensen

Norwegian School of Sport Sciences

P.o. box 4014 Ullevål Stadion
Oslo, 0806
Norway

Kåre I. Birkeland

University of Oslo - Institute of Clinical Medicine ( email )

Kirkeveien 166
Building 2H
Oslo, N-0450
Norway

University of Oslo - Department of Transplantation Medicine ( email )

Oslo
Norway

Christian A. Drevon

University of Oslo - Department of Nutrition ( email )

Oslo
Norway

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