High Field Electroformation of Sodium Bismuth Titanate

33 Pages Posted: 6 Oct 2020

See all articles by Pengrong Ren

Pengrong Ren

Xi’an University of Technology - Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory for Electrical Materials and Infiltration Technology

Maximilian Gehringer

Technical University of Darmstadt- Department of Materials and Earth Science

Binxiang Huang

Technical University of Darmstadt- Department of Materials and Earth Science

An-Phuc Hoang

Technical University of Darmstadt- Department of Materials and Earth Science

Sebastian Steiner

Technical University of Darmstadt - Department of Materials Science

Andreas Klein

Technical University of Darmstadt- Department of Materials and Earth Science

Till Frömling

Technical University of Darmstadt - Department of Materials Science

Date Written: 2020

Abstract

Lead-free ceramics based on Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3 (NBT) have been shown to exhibit excellent ferroelectric properties putting them amongst the best materials to replace lead-based piezoelectrics. The defect chemistry of NBT is, however, very complex. High oxygen ionic conductivity can be induced by acceptor doping or bismuth evaporation, which is quite detrimental to the ferroelectric properties. Nevertheless, this conductivity is non-linearly dependent on the acceptor concentration, which allows for tuning of NBT-based material from highly ionically conducting to highly resistive. This unique behavior raises the question of whether NBT ceramics also need to be treated differently with respect to high electric fields as they are used for ferroelectric and dielectric applications. To elucidate this, high field electrodegradation experiments have been performed on NBT and a solid solution with BaTiO3 (BT). It could be shown that reversible electroformation can be induced, which is non-linearly dependent on acceptor concentration. Additionally, a fast surface degradation process could be identified, which could be attributed to a reversible field-induced change in composition at the anode due to sodium becoming mobile. These results will be of high importance for reliability investigations of NBT based material and also hint towards possible applications in resistive switching memory applications.

Keywords: BNT, Electrode-gradation, Defects, Phase Stability

Suggested Citation

Ren, Pengrong and Gehringer, Maximilian and Huang, Binxiang and Hoang, An-Phuc and Steiner, Sebastian and Klein, Andreas and Frömling, Till, High Field Electroformation of Sodium Bismuth Titanate (2020). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3694760 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3694760

Pengrong Ren (Contact Author)

Xi’an University of Technology - Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory for Electrical Materials and Infiltration Technology ( email )

China

Maximilian Gehringer

Technical University of Darmstadt- Department of Materials and Earth Science ( email )

Binxiang Huang

Technical University of Darmstadt- Department of Materials and Earth Science

An-Phuc Hoang

Technical University of Darmstadt- Department of Materials and Earth Science

Sebastian Steiner

Technical University of Darmstadt - Department of Materials Science ( email )

Darmstadt, 64287
Germany

Andreas Klein

Technical University of Darmstadt- Department of Materials and Earth Science

Till Frömling

Technical University of Darmstadt - Department of Materials Science ( email )

Darmstadt, 64287
Germany

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