Brief for Indian Law and Policy Professors as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioner in United States v. Cooley

46 Pages Posted: 4 Jun 2021 Last revised: 25 Jul 2022

See all articles by Colette Routel

Colette Routel

Mitchell Hamline School of Law

Heather Whiteman Runs Him

University of Arizona - James E. Rogers College of Law

Gregory Ablavsky

Stanford Law School

Bethany Berger

University of Connecticut School of Law

Aila Hoss

Indiana University McKinney School of Law

Grant Christensen

Stetson University - College of Law

Angelique EagleWoman

Mitchell Hamline School of Law

Kathryn E Fort

Michigan State University - College of Law

Lorie Graham

Suffolk University Law School

Hillary M. Hoffmann

Vermont Law School

Joseph Kalt

affiliation not provided to SSRN

Sarah Krakoff

University of Colorado Law School

John P. LaVelle

University of New Mexico - School of Law

Stacy Leeds

Arizona State University (ASU) - Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law; Arizona State University (ASU), Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, Students

Dylan Hedden-Nicely

University of Idaho, College of Law

Monte Mills

University of Washington School of Law

Richard Pomp

University of Connecticut - School of Law; Independent

Addie Rolnick

University of Nevada, Las Vegas, William S. Boyd School of Law

Kenneth C. Salzberg

Hamline University - School of Law

Joshua I. Schwartz

The George Washington University Law School

Joseph William Singer

Harvard Law School

Kekek Stark

Alexander Blewitt III School of Law

Melissa L. Tatum

University of Arizona - James E. Rogers College of Law

Ann E. Tweedy

University of South Dakota School of Law

Jack F. Williams

Georgia State Law School/Middle East Studies Center

Robert A. Williams

University of Arizona - James E. Rogers College of Law

Marcia Anne Zug

University of South Carolina School of Law

Date Written: June 3, 2021

Abstract

Amici curiae are 25 scholars who teach, write, and/or practice in the area of federal Indian law and federal Indian policy. The amici are concerned with the Ninth Circuit Court’s decision in United States v. Cooley, 919 F.3d 1135 (9th Cir. 2019). There, the circuit court held that tribal police officers lack authority to briefly detain and search a non-Indian on a public highway running through the Crow Reservation unless it is either “apparent” or “obvious” that the non-Indian has violated state or federal law. Under that theory, the court affirmed the district court’s decision to suppress drug and firearm evidence obtained from a non-Indian defendant by a tribal law enforcement officer.

The amici urge the Supreme Court to reverse the Ninth Circuit decision as the circuit court’s legal theory contradicts the custom, tradition, and policy of policing, as well as the treaties between the United States and indigenous nations. This all demonstrates that the United States has long recognized tribal authority to detain and search non-Indians.

Keywords: Tribal Law, Indian Law, Indian Policy, Criminal Law, Policing, Sovereignty, Federal Law, Amicus Brief

Suggested Citation

Routel, Colette and Whiteman Runs Him, Heather and Ablavsky, Gregory and Berger, Bethany and Hoss, Aila and Christensen, Grant and EagleWoman, Angelique and Fort, Kathryn E and Graham, Lorie and Hoffmann, Hillary M. and Kalt, Joseph and Krakoff, Sarah and LaVelle, John P. and Leeds, Stacy and Hedden-Nicely, Dylan and Mills, Monte and Pomp, Richard and Rolnick, Addie and Salzberg, Kenneth C. and Schwartz, Joshua I. and Singer, Joseph W. and Stark, Kekek and Tatum, Melissa and Tweedy, Ann E. and Williams, Jack Frederick and Williams, Robert A. and Yablon-Zug, Marcia Anne, Brief for Indian Law and Policy Professors as Amici Curiae Supporting Petitioner in United States v. Cooley (June 3, 2021). U of Colorado Law Legal Studies Research Paper No. 21-23, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3859647 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3859647

Colette Routel

Mitchell Hamline School of Law ( email )

875 Summit Ave
St. Paul, MN 55105-3076
United States

Heather Whiteman Runs Him

University of Arizona - James E. Rogers College of Law ( email )

P.O. Box 210176
Tucson, AZ 85721-0176
United States

Gregory Ablavsky

Stanford Law School ( email )

559 Nathan Abbott Way
Stanford, CA 94305-8610
United States

Bethany Berger

University of Connecticut School of Law ( email )

65 Elizabeth Street
Hartford, CT 06105
United States

Aila Hoss

Indiana University McKinney School of Law ( email )

530 W New York St
Indianapolis, IN Na 46202
United States

Grant Christensen

Stetson University - College of Law ( email )

1401 61st Street South
Gulfport, FL 33707
United States

Angelique EagleWoman

Mitchell Hamline School of Law ( email )

875 Summit Ave
St. Paul, MN 55105-3076
United States

Kathryn E Fort

Michigan State University - College of Law ( email )

648 N. Shaw Lane
Ste. 215K
East Lansing, MI 48824-1300
United States

Lorie Graham

Suffolk University Law School ( email )

120 Tremont Street
Boston, MA 02108-4977
United States

Hillary M. Hoffmann

Vermont Law School ( email )

PO Box 96
South Royalton, VT 05068
United States
8028311205 (Phone)

HOME PAGE: http://www.vermontlaw.edu

Joseph Kalt

affiliation not provided to SSRN

Sarah Krakoff

University of Colorado Law School ( email )

401 UCB
Boulder, CO 80309
United States

John P. LaVelle

University of New Mexico - School of Law ( email )

1117 Stanford, N.E.
Albuquerque, NM 87131
United States

Stacy Leeds

Arizona State University (ASU) - Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law ( email )

Box 877906
Phoenix, AZ 85287-7906
United States

HOME PAGE: http://StacyLeeds.com

Arizona State University (ASU), Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, Students ( email )

Box 877906
Tempe, AZ
United States

Dylan Hedden-Nicely

University of Idaho, College of Law ( email )

P.O. Box 442321
Moscow, ID 83844-2321
United States

Monte Mills

University of Washington School of Law ( email )

William H. Gates Hall
Box 353020
Seattle, WA 98105-3020
United States
206.6163482 (Phone)

HOME PAGE: http://law.uw.edu

Richard Pomp (Contact Author)

University of Connecticut - School of Law ( email )

65 Elizabeth Street
Hartford, CT 06105
United States
860-570-5251 (Phone)

HOME PAGE: http://www.law.uconn.edu/faculty/rpomp/

Independent ( email )

860-983-8341 (Phone)

Addie Rolnick

University of Nevada, Las Vegas, William S. Boyd School of Law ( email )

4505 South Maryland Parkway
Box 451003
Las Vegas, NV 89154
United States

Kenneth C. Salzberg

Hamline University - School of Law ( email )

1536 Hewitt Avenue
Saint Paul, MN 55104-1237
United States

Joshua I. Schwartz

The George Washington University Law School ( email )

2000 H Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20052
United States

Joseph W. Singer

Harvard Law School ( email )

1575 Massachusetts
Hauser 406
Cambridge, MA 02138
United States

Kekek Stark

Alexander Blewitt III School of Law ( email )

Missoula, MT
United States
4062434315 (Phone)
59812 (Fax)

Melissa Tatum

University of Arizona - James E. Rogers College of Law ( email )

P.O. Box 210176
Tucson, AZ 85721-0176
United States

Ann E. Tweedy

University of South Dakota School of Law ( email )

414 E. Clark Street
Vermillion, SD SD 57069
United States
57069 (Fax)

HOME PAGE: http://www.usd.edu/faculty-and-staff/Ann-Tweedy

Jack Frederick Williams

Georgia State Law School/Middle East Studies Center ( email )

85 Park Place, NE, Suite 324
P.O. Box 4037
Atlanta, GA 30302-4037
United States
404.413.9149 (Phone)
404.413.9225 (Fax)

Robert A. Williams

University of Arizona - James E. Rogers College of Law ( email )

P.O. Box 210176
Tucson, AZ 85721-0176
United States

Marcia Anne Yablon-Zug

University of South Carolina School of Law ( email )

1525 Senate Street
Columbia, SC 29208
United States

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