Women Doing Men's Work and Women Doing Women's Work: Female Work and Pay in British Wartime Engineering

35 Pages Posted: 21 Jun 2005

See all articles by Robert A. Hart

Robert A. Hart

University of Stirling - Department of Economics; Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA)

Date Written: June 2005

Abstract

Extreme demand pressures coupled with acute skill shortages in the run up to World War II caused British engineering companies to break down existing production processes into smaller constituent parts. This allowed the employment of persons trained over narrower ranges of skills and helped to create an exponential growth of female jobs, from 10.5% of total engineering employment in 1939 to 35.2% by 1943. Women were officially classified into those doing men's work and those doing women's work. Using a unique data set provided by the Engineering Employers Federation, this paper examines female work and pay from 1935 (the first year of rearmament) to 1942 (the peak of production activity) in more detail than has been previously undertaken. It features the pay and hours of piece- and time-rated women, female-male wage ratios, and an assessment of the war's longer term impact on the female labor market.

Keywords: World War II, women engineers, pay and hours, female-male wage differentials

JEL Classification: J31, J16, N44

Suggested Citation

Hart, Robert A., Women Doing Men's Work and Women Doing Women's Work: Female Work and Pay in British Wartime Engineering (June 2005). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=746424 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.746424

Robert A. Hart (Contact Author)

University of Stirling - Department of Economics ( email )

Stirling, Scotland FK9 4LA
United Kingdom
+44 1786 467 471 (Phone)
+44 1786 467 469 (Fax)

Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA)

P.O. Box 7240
Bonn, D-53072
Germany

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