Stablecoins: Survivorship, Transactions Costs and Exchange Microstructure

46 Pages Posted: 28 Apr 2021 Last revised: 28 Feb 2023

See all articles by Bruce Mizrach

Bruce Mizrach

Rutgers University, Department of Economics

Date Written: February 17, 2023

Abstract

Stable coins are not very stable. Cash collateralized coins are more stable, but the overall failure rate is similar to tokens that are not designed to be stable. USD Coin, Tether and Dai have the largest Ethereum market shares, and they have an average velocity nearly three times higher than M1. Centralized and decentralized exchanges are the most active nodes and largest holders on the blockchain. Four of the top ten tokens have Herfindahl indices higher than the U.S. banking system. Median gas fees for Tether rose more than twelve times over the last two years, and nearly twenty times for USD Coin. Transactions of under $50,000 can generally be done more cheaply off chain. 24 hour exchange turnover in Tether is nearly $60 billion. This is comparable to the daily volume at the NYSE and eight times the daily flow in money market mutual funds. Narrow bid-ask spreads and depth have attracted HFT participation approaching 50%.

Keywords: Stablecoins, transactions, fee, hazard function, market microstructure, cryptocurrency

JEL Classification: G12, G23

Suggested Citation

Mizrach, Bruce, Stablecoins: Survivorship, Transactions Costs and Exchange Microstructure (February 17, 2023). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3835219 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3835219

Bruce Mizrach (Contact Author)

Rutgers University, Department of Economics ( email )

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New Brunswick, NJ 08901
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HOME PAGE: http://snde.rutgers.edu/

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